Rome's last stand in Egypt - Battle of Heliopolis, 640 AD - Arab conquest of Egypt - Video

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????Big thanks to Eastern Roman History and Warhawk for collaborating with me on this video. Check out their awesome history content:
Eastern Roman History https://www.youtube.com/@EasternRomanHistory
Warhawk https://www.youtube.com/@WarhawkYT

???? Narrated by David McCallion https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-mccallion-815ab1a6/

???? Music:
Instinct - Bensound
Impact Allegretto - Kevin MacLeod
Crypto - Kevin MacLeod
Epidemic Sound
Filmstro

???? Primary sources:
Al Baladhuri, The Origins of the Islamic State, translated by Philip K. Hittil, Vols. II (New York: Columbia University, 1916).
History of the Patriarchs, Severus ibn al Muqaffaʿ, Alexandrinische Patriarchengeschichte von S. Marcus bis Michael I 61-767, nach der ältesten 1266 geschriebenen Hamburger Handschrift im arabischen Urtext, edited by C. F. Seybold (Hamburg, 1912).
John of Nikiu, The Chronicle of John Bishop of Nikiu, translated by R. H. Charles (London: Williams and Norgate, 1913).

???? Scholarship:
Booth, P., 'The Muslim Conquest of Egypt Reconsidered' in Zuckerman, C. Constructing the Seventh Century, (Paris, 2013). 639-670.
Butler, A. J., The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty Years of Roman Dominion, Reprint 1978 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1902).
Howard-Johnston, J., Witnesses to a World Crisis: Historians and Histories of the Middle East in the Seventh Century, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010).

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